The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World: Key Messages

• New evidence continues to signal a rise in world hunger and a reversal of trends after a prolonged decline. In 2017 the number of undernourished people is estimated to have increased to 821 million – around one out of every nine people in the world. 
• While some progress continues to be made in reducing child stunting, levels still remain unacceptably high. Nearly 151 million children under five – or over 22 percent – are affected by stunting in 2017. 
• Wasting continues to affect over 50 million children under five in the world and these children are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, over 38 million children under five are overweight. 
• Adult obesity is worsening and more than one in eight adults in the world is obese, or more than 672 million. Undernutrition and overweight and obesity coexist in many countries. 
• Food insecurity contributes to undernutrition, as well as overweight and obesity, and high rates of these forms of malnutrition coexist in many countries. The higher cost of nutritious foods, the stress of living with food insecurity and physiological adaptations to food restriction help explain why food insecure families may have a higher risk of overweight and obesity. 
• Poor access to food increases the risk of low birthweight and stunting in children, which are associated with higher risk of overweight and obesity later in life. 
• Exposure to more complex, frequent and intense climate extremes is threatening to erode and reverse gains made in ending hunger and malnutrition. 
• In addition to conflict, climate variability and extremes are among the key drivers behind the recent uptick in global hunger and one of the leading causes of severe food crises. The cumulative effect of changes in climate is undermining all dimensions of food security – food availability, access, utilization and stability. 
• Nutrition is highly susceptible to changes in climate and bears a heavy burden as a result, as seen in the impaired nutrient quality and dietary diversity of foods produced and consumed, the impacts on water and sanitation, and the effects on patterns of health risks and disease, as well as changes in maternal care, child care and breastfeeding. 
• Actions need to be accelerated and scaled up to strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity of food systems, people’s livelihoods, and nutrition in response to climate variability and extremes. 
• Solutions require increased partnerships and multi-year, large-scale funding of integrated disaster risk reduction and management and climate change adaptation programmes that are short-, medium- and long-term in scope. 
• The signs of increasing food insecurity and high levels of different forms of malnutrition are a clear warning that there is an urgent need for considerable additional work to ensure we “leave no one behind” on the road towards achieving the SDG goals on food security and nutrition. 

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If you want to read more, the full report can be accessed from the link provided in this weblog “State of the World Reports” under “Relevant Global and National Reports” section on the right sidebar.